The third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib.
They overthrew the Umayyad Caliphate in the Abbasid Revolution. The Abbasids moved the capital to Baghdad, initiating the Islamic Golden Age.
A famous legendary figure from this era is Caliph Harun al-Rashid, who is prominently featured in the tales of the 'One Thousand and One Nights'.