Greek City-States

History

A loose alliance of independent city-states (poleis) in ancient Greece, most notably Athens - Maritime democracy of Attica, famed for its navy, Acropolis, and cultural life. After the Persian Wars it led the Delian League, drawing tribute from allies and clashing with Sparta over influence in Greece. and Sparta - A militarized polis in the Peloponnese ruled by dual kings and a council of elders. Spartan citizens (Spartiates) trained as hoplites from youth and relied on Helot labor to sustain their war-ready society., that united to defend against the Persian invasions. Known for their development of democracy, philosophy, and hoplite - The citizen-soldier of Ancient Greek city-states. Armed with a spear (dory) and a large round shield (aspis), they fought in a tight formation called the phalanx. Their warfare style emphasized cohesion and the collective push (othismos) over individual prowess. warfare.